Periodontal findings are mixed: increased gingival recession - particularly at anterior sites corresponding to product placement - appears consistently, whereas links with deeper periodontal destruction are inconsistent and often confounded by oral hygiene and concomitant cigarette smoking
With better 5C-CPT performance in smokers, one may have anticipated improved executive functioning, but it could be that the computerized testing was more demanding than such paper and pen tests, hence smoking effects in the former and not the latter
From the Quality and Outcomes Framework, in 2014/15, it was estimated that over half (52%) of people with a serious mental illness registered with Hull GPs smoked which was statistically significantly higher than England (41%)
Tao, H., Rui, C., Zheng, J., Tang, J., Wu, L., Shi, A., Chen, N., He, R., Wu, C., Li, J., Yin, X., Zhang, P., Zhu, Z., Tao, J., Xiao, J., Mao, C., & Xu, Z