Similar findings have been made by other research teams: In January 2020, Buchanan et al., in their comprehensive review of cardiovascular effects reported recent studies have also suggested that e-cigarette use is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and haemodynamic imbalance leading to increased cardiovascular diseases risk. [Y] In 2019, Kennedy et al., in their review of 38 studies of cardiovascular effects of e-cigarettes reported, Most studies suggest potential for cardiovascular harm from electronic cigarette use, through mechanisms that increase risk of thrombosis and atherosclerosis. [Z] In 2020, Wills et al
But for others, especially those with a pattern of dependence, it can become a substitute that keeps the cycle going
However, in the section on PG, Burstyn pointed out that: Estimated levels of exposure to propylene glycol and glycerine are close enough to [workplace limits] to warrant concern
That includes areas many travelers used to assume were fine, like beaches and open-air tourist zones