Forty-four RCTs were selected from a systematic review conducted by Lancaster et al.167, 268, 295, 296, 297, 298, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336 In addition, seven more recent RCTs were identified in an updated search,337, 338, 339, 340, 341, 342, 343 yielding a total of 51 RCTs included for data synthesis
During that time period the disposable lighter litigation was infamous for the high degree of acrimony between the plaintiffs and defendants
Archived from the original on January 11, 2016
Our results suggest that using e-cigarettes or a cigarette substitute to reduce cigarette consumption can result in a reduction of self-reported cigarette use and dependence, Jessica Yingst, an assistant professor of public health sciences at Penn State and a co-author of the paper, said in a press statement