In addition to the inherent challenges associated with these agents, Gln metabolism lacks tumor specificity and involves multiple metabolic pathways within cells, which can lead to false positives in areas of high metabolic activity
The cystine is added separately at final 0, 5 or 48.3 mg/L (equivalent to 0, 30, and 292 M), depending on experiments
Escalation phase breakdown The standard protocol starts low and increases every four weeks to minimize gastrointestinal side effects that rapid dose escalation can cause
Classified by their potential biological functions, these genes include heat shock proteins, heat shock transcription factors, mediators for calcium signal transduction, such as calmodulin, important signaling enzyme protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), a blue copper-binding protein which is an essential catalyst for redox reactions, a mitochondrial uncoupling protein, pyruvate decarboxylase, and a myb-related transcription factor